Examples may include:. There are numerous things that can cause OCD, including genetics, your surroundings and things that can randomly happen in everyday life. If you watched a parent or a sibling engage in compulsions, you may pick up on it. This is called a learned behavior, something that develops as a result of an experience or common practice.
There is also the possibility that experiencing a traumatic event will trigger OCD. For example, if someone enters your home while you and your family are inside and aggressively confronts you while stealing things from you, you might realize that the door was unlocked and the alarm was not set. One well-known explanation for the development of OCD and other mental health diagnoses is the stress diathesis model, also known as the vulnerability-stress model.
This proposes that some people are more genetically predisposed to conditions like OCD, as we mentioned above. Then, if people experience a significant life stressor such as bullying, a traumatic accident or a loss in the family, this can trigger the onset of symptoms. If you suspect you have OCD, reach out to a member of the NOCD clinical team through ourconvenient online form to schedule a free minute call. During the call, a team member will ask questions to learn more about your concerns and provide information for next steps and details in the appointment process.
Keara E. Valentine, Psy. My journey as a therapist has brought me in front of more and more cases of OCD, which has prepared me to specialize in OCD treatment. My experience as a crisis clinician allowed me to treat adolescents and children, while spending additional time updating and educating their parents.
The apparent frequency of this benign course is probably due to the limited diagnostic validity of interviews conducted by lay interviewers and to the large proportion of milder cases in community sample. Patients with OCD are at high risk of having comorbid co-existing major depression and other anxiety disorders. In Koran et al. These proportions did not differ substantially between men and women. Panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder were the most common anxiety disorders.
Bipolar mood manic-depressive disorder was uncommon, but schizophrenia was rare. Except for eating disorders, which were diagnosed in 1 in 20 women, the rates of specific comorbid conditions were not strkingly different between men and women. OCD seems to be associated with a mildly increased risk for alcohol abuse and dependence. Rates of OCD observed among alcoholic patients admitted to inpatient and outpatient treatment programs exceed the rate in the general population, but not to the extent suggested by Karno et al.
Reports of the lifetime rate of body dysmorphic disorder fear of imagined ugliness in OCD patients are also prevalent, as well as findings by Barsky in indicating that patients with hypochondriasis have an elevated lifetime prevalence rate of OCD compared to medical outpatients from the same clinic. Eating disorders may be more common in OCD patients than in the general population, but the data are sparse.
According to Rothenberg in , OCD symptoms are common in patients with anorexia nervosa, second only to depressive disorders. Trichotillomania compulsive hair pulling with bald spots is another comorbidity of OCD, as is Tourette's syndrome the combination of behavioral and vocal tics.
OCD impairs patients' quality of life. In a study of 60 patients, Koran, Thienemann and Davenport reported in that medication-free patients with moderate to severe OCD reported worse social functioning and performance in work and other activities than the general population and than patients with diabetes. The more severe the OCD, the more impaired the patients' social functioning, even after controlling for effects of concurrent depression.
Accessed Sept. Suicidality in children and adolescents being treated with antidepressant medications. Food and Drug Administration. Accessed Aug. Gabriel M, et al. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. Canadian Medical Association Journal. Zai G, et al. New insights and perspectives on genetics of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Psychiatric Genetics. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Obsessive-compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. National Institute of Mental Health. Mental health medications. Obsessive-compulsive disorder OCD. Mayo Clinic; Depression basics. Merck Manual Professional Version. Woody EZ, et al. Obsessive compulsive disorder OCD : Current treatments and a framework for neurotherapeutic research. Advances in Pharmacology. Accessed Feb. Sawchuk CN expert opinion.
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