Institutions such as nursing homes, extended-care facilities, and prisons are often sites of scabies outbreaks. Child-care facilities also are a common site of scabies infestations.
Crusted scabies is a severe form of scabies that can occur in some persons who are immunocompromised have a weak immune system , elderly, disabled, or debilitated. It is also called Norwegian scabies. Persons with crusted scabies have thick crusts of skin that contain large numbers of scabies mites and eggs. Persons with crusted scabies are very contagious to other persons and can spread the infestation easily both by direct skin-to-skin contact and by contamination of items such as their clothing, bedding, and furniture.
Persons with crusted scabies may not show the usual signs and symptoms of scabies such as the characteristic rash or itching pruritus. Persons with crusted scabies should receive quick and aggressive medical treatment for their infestation to prevent outbreaks of scabies. If a person has never had scabies before, symptoms may take weeks to develop.
In a person who has had scabies before, symptoms usually appear much sooner days after exposure. The most common signs and symptoms of scabies are intense itching pruritus , especially at night, and a pimple-like papular itchy rash. The itching and rash each may affect much of the body or be limited to common sites such as the wrist, elbow, armpit, webbing between the fingers, nipple, penis, waist, belt-line, and buttocks.
The rash also can include tiny blisters vesicles and scales. Scratching the rash can cause skin sores; sometimes these sores become infected by bacteria. Tiny burrows sometimes are seen on the skin; these are caused by the female scabies mite tunneling just beneath the surface of the skin. These burrows appear as tiny raised and crooked serpiginous grayish-white or skin-colored lines on the skin surface.
Because mites are often few in number only mites per person , these burrows may be difficult to find. They are found most often in the webbing between the fingers, in the skin folds on the wrist, elbow, or knee, and on the penis, breast, or shoulder blades. The head, face, neck, palms, and soles often are involved in infants and very young children, but usually not adults and older children.
Scabies usually is spread by direct, prolonged, skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies. Contact generally must be prolonged; a quick handshake or hug usually will not spread scabies. Scabies is spread easily to sexual partners and household members. Scabies in adults frequently is sexually acquired. Scabies sometimes is spread indirectly by sharing articles such as clothing, towels, or bedding used by an infested person; however, such indirect spread can occur much more easily when the infested person has crusted scabies.
Diagnosis of a scabies infestation usually is made based on the customary appearance and distribution of the rash and the presence of burrows. Whenever possible, the diagnosis of scabies should be confirmed by identifying the mite, mite eggs, or mite fecal matter scybala. This can be done by carefully removing a mite from the end of its burrow using the tip of a needle or by obtaining skin scraping to examine under a microscope for mites, eggs, or mite fecal matter.
It is important to remember that a person can still be infested even if mites, eggs, or fecal matter cannot be found; typically fewer than mites can be present on the entire body of an infested person who is otherwise healthy. To kill mites and prevent getting scabies again, the American Academy of Dermatology also recommends that you wash all clothing, bedding, and towels, as well as vacuum your entire home, including upholstered furniture.
Scabies is contagious, even before you notice symptoms. Mites can live on a person for as long as one to two months, and scabies is contagious until treated.
The mites should begin to die within a few hours of applying the treatment, and most people can return to work or school 24 hours after treatment. Once scabies is treated, your rash may continue for three or four more weeks. If you still have a rash four weeks after completing treatment or a new rash develops, see your doctor.
Scabies is a highly contagious skin condition that can affect anyone. In some cases, sharing bedding, towels, and clothing can also spread it. If you have symptoms of scabies or think you may have been exposed to mites, see your doctor as soon as possible so you can start treatment and avoid spreading it to others. Scabies treatment from over-the-counter sources can help with symptoms, particularly itching. However, store-bought permethrin is not the same as the…. Some of the most common causes of genital rashes are infections and autoimmune disorders.
This includes such conditions as jock itch and psoriasis…. Hands and wrists are the most common sites. Armpits, groin, scrotum, buttocks, navel, waist, and ankles can be involved.
The face and neck are usually spared. In infants, the rash can involve the face and scalp. The rash usually looks the same on both sides of the body.
Cause of Scabies Scabies mite Scabies comes from skin-to-skin contact with someone who has scabies. After contact, a person will come down with scabies rash in 4 to 6 weeks. Itching is the first symptom. They may use a tool called a dermatoscope to look at the mites in your skin. They may also gently scrape your skin and look for scabies mites under a microscope. Your healthcare provider may also prescribe a medication to kill the scabies mites. This may be a topical medication medication you put on your skin such as a lotion or cream, an oral medication medication you swallow , or both.
Apply the medication when your skin is cool and dry. Apply it in a thin layer on your skin and leave it on for 8 to 14 hours. After 8 to 14 hours, wash it off by taking a shower or bath. Because the itching is caused by a reaction to the mites and their waste, it may continue for several weeks after treatment, even if all the mites and eggs are killed.
You may need to repeat the treatment or take an oral medication instead. You can buy an antihistamine at your local pharmacy without a prescription. Read the instructions that come with the medication to find out the correct dose. If a child has scabies, check with their healthcare provider to find out the correct dose. If needed, your healthcare provider may also prescribe an anti-itch cream. The people who have close contact with you, such as family members, roommates, or sexual partners, need to be treated for scabies at the same time that you are.
Scabies is almost always spread by close skin-to-skin contact with a person who has scabies.
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